{"id":15893,"date":"2016-06-21T12:00:12","date_gmt":"2016-06-21T11:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dide.org\/early-detection-of-dyscalculia-a-specific-learning-disorder\/"},"modified":"2016-06-21T12:00:12","modified_gmt":"2016-06-21T11:00:12","slug":"early-detection-of-dyscalculia-a-specific-learning-disorder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dide.org\/en\/early-detection-of-dyscalculia-a-specific-learning-disorder\/","title":{"rendered":"Early detection of dyscalculia, a specific learning disorder"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Dyscalculia<\/strong> is included within specific learning disorders. In the early childhood education stage, <strong>the first signs can begin to be identified<\/strong>, long before it starts to cause <strong>problems<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What is dyscalculia?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">It is the disorder that affects the learning of basic arithmetic knowledge: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, which poses a problem when understanding and performing mathematical calculations. &#8220;<strong>Dyscalculia is a difficulty in learning mathematics that has a neurobiological origin and is not due to attention, intellectual, or school deprivation problems<\/strong>,&#8221; says <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.uma.es\/facultad-de-psicologia\/info\/111981\/laboratorio-de-cognicion-numerica\/\">Javier Garc\u00eda Orza<\/a>, from the Numerical Cognition Laboratory, at the University of Malaga.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The study of this <strong>learning difficulty<\/strong> began at the end of the 19th century and has acquired different names: Gertsman Syndrome, Acalculia, or Arithmetic Development Disorder.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There are 4 types of dyscalculia, we are going to describe their main characteristics:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Primary dyscalculia: difficulty related to a neurological injury.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Secondary dyscalculia: associated with a low <strong>reasoning ability<\/strong> and space-time orientation. It is characterized by poor use of numerical symbols. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Disametrica: difficulty in solving operations and problems.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Spatial dyscalculia: They have difficulty ordering and structuring numbers.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">As we see in the 4 main types of dyscalculia, different types of aptitudes or skills related to these factors can be affected, and they are very important for the learning and development of boys and girls.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>There are children who have difficulties with mathematics but not because they have dyscalculia.<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The incidence of dyscalculia is estimated to be between 4% and 8% of the population. These data suggest that a teacher who has 25 students is very likely to have a student in class with dyscalculia. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In general, <strong>difficulties<\/strong> <strong>with calculation<\/strong> and writing begin to become more visible in primary education, where most detections and diagnoses are usually made.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">But there are symptoms that make detection and prevention possible a little earlier, which is why for this and other <strong>difficulties<\/strong>, the <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dide.app\">platform <strong>d\u00edde<\/strong><\/a> begins to pre-evaluate them between 4 and 5 years of age, through digital questionnaires answered by parents and teachers, who know them best, you just have to activate their observation to obtain the necessary information. Dide takes care of it. The sooner we can <strong>detect<\/strong> and prevent, the less the consequences will be as well as the necessary adaptations in their learning, since as you know, the knowledge and skills acquired in the first years of life are key.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The symptoms vary depending on age:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>In the childhood stage,<\/strong> we can already realize that &#8220;the numerical world is relatively foreign to them&#8221;, explains the expert. They understand small quantities, at most three or four, they have difficulty counting, deciding where there are more elements, understanding concepts related to mathematics, such as &#8220;bigger than&#8221; &#8220;the smallest&#8221;. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The difficulties continue in <strong>primary school<\/strong> and also in <strong>secondary school<\/strong>, they continue to use their fingers to solve operations, they easily forget mathematical concepts and procedures, they have difficulty learning multiplication tables, they make mistakes with money and hours, although they master some procedures they do not understand the logic that underlies them.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8220;At the academic level, the child fails in mathematics and runs away from subjects related to this area.&#8221; Frustration appears due to the demands of the stage, associates his inability to being clumsy, suffers, becomes demotivated, his self-esteem weakens and abandons other subjects, even if they have nothing to do with mathematics. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There is a clear parallel between dyslexia and dyscalculia, however, their origin and manifestations are different.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dide.app\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-6093\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Aprendizaje-del-ca%CC%81lculo-229x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"229\" height=\"300\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<h3>When a child has difficulty reading, he is labeled dyslexic, he is excused and offered intervention programs and curricular adaptations, the same does not happen in the case of children with difficulties in mathematics, in this case he is labeled clumsy and it is assumed that he does not give more of himself. Javier Garc\u00eda Orza <\/h3>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>What can we do once a difficulty in learning mathematics is identified?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">There are many ways to help a child with difficulty learning mathematics even before the final diagnosis, dyscalculia, since it may take longer than expected to be carried out due to referrals to competent professionals, the transfer of information between them, etc. Support, understanding and letting them know that they are not alone in the face of their difficulties is vital for their development and self-esteem. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">From <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/dide.org\/quienes-somos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">d\u00edde<\/a> we encourage you to raise awareness in the environment, both in schools, institutes and teachers as well as in <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/dide.org\/familia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">families<\/a>. It is possible to <strong>detect early<\/strong> in a simple way and prevent later problems! In addition, this prevention is accompanied by orientation guidelines adapted for people who live with the child.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">In general, the strategies and <strong>orientation guidelines<\/strong> to address dyscalculia are divided into four main categories:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Facilitate alternatives, adapting the way of reaching knowledge or adapting the way of evaluating it.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Small modifications in the activities to prevent the area of difficulty from being the center of attention of the task.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Performance: work with specific exercises to improve calculation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Recognize and reinforce the many other potentialities and skills of children.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Educating and learning at the same time is one of the most rewarding things that can happen. The range of possibilities offered by education and technology is infinite, let&#8217;s open it together! <\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">The impossible could not have happened, therefore the impossible must be possible despite appearances.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">This quote is from Agatha Christie (1890\u20131976), historians think that she may have had <strong>reading and writing difficulties.<\/strong> They do not know if dysgraphia, dyslexia or both. Her novels continue to be among the most well-known books worldwide. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dide.app\">Early detection of learning and development difficulties<\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1627\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1627\" style=\"width: 162px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1627\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Mariposa_con_fondo-2-e1492871575774.png\" alt=\"dide effect butterfly\" width=\"162\" height=\"162\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1627\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Join the #efectodide <a href=\"http:\/\/www.educaryaprender.es\">www.educaryaprender.es<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dyscalculia is included within specific learning disorders. In the early childhood education stage, the first signs can begin to be identified, long before it starts to cause problems. What is dyscalculia? It is the disorder that affects the learning of basic arithmetic knowledge: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, which poses a problem when understanding and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":12780,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[713,711,712],"tags":[749,750,715,748,752,751],"class_list":["post-15893","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education-cabinets","category-family-education","category-teacher-education","tag-difficulty-in-calculation","tag-dyscalculia","tag-learning-difficulties","tag-learning-mathematics","tag-specific-disorders","tag-test"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dide.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15893","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dide.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dide.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dide.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dide.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15893"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.dide.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15893\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dide.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12780"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dide.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15893"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dide.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15893"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dide.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15893"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}